Projectile point · Middle Archaic

Osceola

4000–2000 BCE, Old Copper, Archaic (Eastern)

Osceola was named from the Osceola site in Grant County, Wisconsin, an Old Copper cemetery, and is the large side-notched knife and dart form associated with Old Copper and related Middle to Late Archaic groups of Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois and Minnesota. Hixton silicified sandstone and Burlington chert are typical. Long examples over 100 mm are prized.

ObjectProjectile point
Dates4000–2000 BCE
PeriodMiddle Archaic
CulturesOld Copper, Archaic (Eastern)
RegionsNorth America — Eastern Woodlands

Diagnostic traits

Large, long side-notched point with narrow notches placed close to a straight or slightly concave ground base, parallel blade edges and a thick lenticular section.

Identification

Osceola is distinguished from Godar and Hemphill by its length and parallel-sided blade, and from Raddatz by size. Big Sandy is earlier, smaller and more deeply notched.

Reproductions and fakes

Large Osceolas are reproduced in Burlington chert; genuine examples show basal grinding, blade resharpening that narrows the blade toward the tip and an even patina.

Cite this article

Stratum Strata. "Osceola" (Artifact type). Stratum Strata pack 2026.09, as of 2026-09-21. https://stratum.black/strata/types/osceola. Accessed 2026-09-21.

@misc{stratum-osceola,
  title        = {Osceola},
  author       = {{Stratum Strata}},
  howpublished = {\url{https://stratum.black/strata/types/osceola}},
  year         = {2026},
  note         = {Artifact type article, Stratum Strata pack 2026.09, as of 2026-09-21; sources: stratum. Accessed 2026-09-21.}
}

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Sources for this article: Stratum editorial (Stratum editorial). As of 2026-09-21; Strata pack 2026.09. Data reproduced under the licences shown; text in Stratum's own words unless a section names its source.

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