Oxbow — Oxbow
Oxbow NPS photo, Wikimedia Commons, Public domain (US)

Projectile point · Middle Archaic

Oxbow

3200–1100 BCE, Plains Archaic

Oxbow was named by Nero and McCorquodale in 1958 from the Oxbow Dam site in Saskatchewan and defines a Middle Plains Archaic complex across the northern Plains from Saskatchewan and Alberta into Montana and the Dakotas. Knife River flint, Swan River chert and quartzite are common. It is a frequent find on Canadian prairie sites.

ObjectProjectile point
Dates3200–1100 BCE
PeriodMiddle Archaic
CulturesPlains Archaic
RegionsNorth America — Great Plains

Diagnostic traits

Small side-notched point with a deeply concave base that leaves prominent rounded ears, wide shallow notches, a ground base and a short triangular blade.

Identification

Oxbow's deeply concave eared base separates it from McKean, which is unnotched, and from Mummy Cave and Hawken, whose bases are straight or only slightly concave. Mallory is a related McKean-complex form with a less concave base.

Reproductions and fakes

Not reproduced.

Cite this article

Stratum Study. "Oxbow" (Artifact type). Stratum Study pack 2026.09, as of 2026-09-21. https://stratum.black/study/types/oxbow. Accessed 2026-09-21.

@misc{stratum-oxbow,
  title        = {Oxbow},
  author       = {{Stratum Study}},
  howpublished = {\url{https://stratum.black/study/types/oxbow}},
  year         = {2026},
  note         = {Artifact type article, Stratum Study pack 2026.09, as of 2026-09-21; sources: stratum, commons. Accessed 2026-09-21.}
}

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Sources for this article: Stratum editorial (Stratum editorial);Wikimedia Commons (CC-BY-4.0). As of 2026-09-21; Study pack 2026.09. Data reproduced under the licences shown; text in Stratum's own words unless a section names its source.

Found an error? Write to drew@tyr.ac with the article id artifactType:oxbow.

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