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Projectile point · Paleoindian

Barnes

10500–10000 BCE, Clovis

Barnes is the middle member of the Great Lakes fluted sequence and the marker for the Parkhill phase in Ontario and Michigan. It was named by Roosa in 1965 after the Barnes site in Midland County, Michigan; the Parkhill, Thedford II and Fisher sites in Ontario are the largest assemblages. Collingwood (Fossil Hill) chert and Bayport chert dominate. It is the northern counterpart of the Cumberland point of the Southeast.

ObjectProjectile point
Dates10500–10000 BCE
PeriodPaleoindian
CulturesClovis
RegionsNorth America — Eastern Woodlands

Diagnostic traits

Narrow, waisted fluted point with slightly flaring basal ears, a moderately concave base, a single long flute on each face that often reaches past the midpoint, and finely ground basal edges.

Identification

Compared with Gainey, Barnes is narrower, waisted just above the base, and fluted with one long channel rather than several short ones. Cumberland is very similar but generally longer, more strongly eared and fluted nearly to the tip. Crowfield is wider, thinner and multiply fluted.

Reproductions and fakes

Modern copies on Collingwood chert appear regularly; look for basal grinding that actually blunts the ears, a matte patina inside the flute equal to that on the faces, and asymmetric resharpening of the blade.

Age

Cultures

Elsewhere

Cite this article

Stratum Study. "Barnes" (Artifact type). Stratum Study pack 2026.09, as of 2026-09-21. https://stratum.black/study/types/barnes. Accessed 2026-09-21.

BibTeX · CSL-JSON

@misc{stratum-barnes,
  title        = {Barnes},
  author       = {{Stratum Study}},
  howpublished = {\url{https://stratum.black/study/types/barnes}},
  year         = {2026},
  note         = {Artifact type article, Stratum Study pack 2026.09, as of 2026-09-21; sources: stratum, wikidata. Accessed 2026-09-21.}
}

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Sources for this article: Stratum editorial (Stratum editorial);Wikidata (CC0). As of 2026-09-21; Study pack 2026.09. Data reproduced under the licences shown; text in Stratum's own words unless a section names its source.

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