Stratum.black
Rafinesquina — Rafinesquina
Rafinesquina — James St. John, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0

Brachiopod

Rafinesquina

Strophomenid brachiopod

Rafinesquina is the flat, semicircular Late Ordovician strophomenid with fine radial ribs, one of the most abundant Cincinnatian fossils and often found encrusted by bryozoans or with Flexicalymene nestled beneath. It is a beginner's fossil, free at Caesar Creek with a permit, and useful for teaching brachiopod anatomy.

PhylumBrachiopoda
ClassStrophomenata
OrderStrophomenida
FamilyRafinesquinidae
GroupBrachiopod
Rank (PBDB)genus· Paleobiology Database
AuthorHall and Clarke 1892· Paleobiology Database
Classification (PBDB)Brachiopoda › Strophomenata › Strophomenida › Rafinesquinidae· Paleobiology Database
Range (PBDB)486–423 Ma· Paleobiology Database
PBDB occurrences1521· Paleobiology Database

Photographs

Rafinesquina — Rafinesquina Hall and Clarke 1892, NON-TYPE (NHMUK PI BC 51968)
Rafinesquina Hall and Clarke 1892, NON-TYPE (NHMUK PI BC 51968) — © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London, Natural History Museum (London) Data Portal, CC BY 4.0
Rafinesquina — Rafinesquina Hall and Clarke 1892, NON-TYPE (NHMUK PI BC 51980)
Rafinesquina Hall and Clarke 1892, NON-TYPE (NHMUK PI BC 51980) — © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London, Natural History Museum (London) Data Portal, CC BY 4.0

Age

Formations

Elsewhere

Cite this article

Stratum Study. "Rafinesquina" (Taxon). Stratum Study pack 2026.09, as of 2026-09-19. https://stratum.black/study/taxa/rafinesquina. Accessed 2026-09-20.

BibTeX · CSL-JSON

@misc{stratum-rafinesquina,
  title        = {Rafinesquina},
  author       = {{Stratum Study}},
  howpublished = {\url{https://stratum.black/study/taxa/rafinesquina}},
  year         = {2026},
  note         = {Taxon article, Stratum Study pack 2026.09, as of 2026-09-19; sources: stratum, pbdb, wikidata, commons, nhm. Accessed 2026-09-20.}
}

Citations carry the pack version and the article's as-of date so they resolve to the same text later. The facts themselves belong to the sources listed below; cite those for the science.