Material · ceramic

Porcelain

East Asia

Porcelain is the white, translucent, high-fired ceramic of China from the Tang period onward, perfected at Jingdezhen in the Yuan and Ming with blue-and-white and later famille-rose decoration, and imitated in Europe from 1710. It was the greatest export ware in history. Reign marks and decoration date it.

Kindceramic
RegionsEast Asia

Sources

Kaolin and petuntse at Jingdezhen in Jiangxi and at Dehua in Fujian supplied China; Meissen and Limoges developed European sources. Jingdezhen has been the porcelain capital of China for over a thousand years.

Identification

Porcelain is white, translucent in thin sections, vitrified and rings clearly when struck; underglaze blue, overglaze enamels and reign marks are its features. Ming and Qing bodies differ in whiteness and foot finish. Soft-paste European porcelain is chalkier.

Substitutes and fakes

Reign marks are copied on later and modern wares as a matter of course and prove nothing; reproductions of Ming and Qing porcelain are made at Jingdezhen today. Foot rim wear, glaze and painting style are the checks.

Elsewhere

Cite this article

Stratum Study. "Porcelain" (Material). Stratum Study pack 2026.09, as of 2026-09-21. https://stratum.black/study/materials/porcelain. Accessed 2026-09-21.

@misc{stratum-porcelain,
  title        = {Porcelain},
  author       = {{Stratum Study}},
  howpublished = {\url{https://stratum.black/study/materials/porcelain}},
  year         = {2026},
  note         = {Material article, Stratum Study pack 2026.09, as of 2026-09-21; sources: stratum, wikidata. Accessed 2026-09-21.}
}

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